#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
	
	int t;
	cin>>t;
	
	
	while(t--)
	{
		int i,j;
		cin>>i>>j;
		
		if(i > j)
		{
			if(i%2 == 0)
			{
				cout<<(i-1)*(i-1) + (i-j)+i<<endl;
			}
			else
			{
				cout<<(i-1)*(i-1)+j<<endl;
			}
		}
		else
		{
			if(j%2 == 0)
			{
				cout<<(j-1)*(j-1)+i<<endl;
			}
			else
			{
				cout<<(j-1)*(j-1)+(j-i)+j<<endl;
			}
		}
		
		
		
	}
	
	
	return 0;
}